CONISSUS : “Construction 3D Printing assisted with IoT Sensors and Smart Ultrasound System for Enhanced Automation and Process Optimization”

By 2030, the **UK plans to construct 2.7-million housing units** while India under the "Housing-for-All by 2030" plan is targeting to construct a total of **25 million units**. However, the sheer scale of this challenge means there exists a significant global shortage of construction workers. As a measure to fast-track the construction even with a lesser workforce, prefabricated panels have been identified as a viable alternative.

However, the concrete based panels have a net carbon output exceeding 800kg of CO2-per-tonne. This does not align with other policies standards and initiatives such as the Carbon Reduction Policy and the NHS Net Zero Building Standard focused on emission reduction. Where construction 3D printing of the housing units has been introduced, the integrity of the structure has been questioned.

In this project, we will develop a comprehensive construction 3D printing solution that will support **rapid but sustainable** construction to meet the housing need.

As a consortium, we are developing a **construction 3D printing solution** CONISSUS to yield the integrity and strength of traditionally constructed buildings at the speed of printing. The solution will facilitate the bonding and adhesion between successive layers of the printed as well as eliminate pipe and nozzle blockages preventing bubble/air pocket formation as is common in conventional 3D printing solutions.

Moreover, CONISSUS will enable the digitisation of building condition monitoring based on innovative embedded IoT sensor system providing real time data which can be used to support the realisation of **sustainable, energy efficient and net zero infrastructure** as envisioned in the draft **UKRI Sustainability Concordant** aims.