The gut-brain axis in Parkinson’s disease - epidemiologic and genetic studies

The purpose of this project is to increase our understanding of the etiology of Parkinson’s disease (PD).

The project aims to: 1) investigate whether inflammatory gastrointestinal conditions, conditions related to perturbed gut microbiota, and gastrointestinal surgery are associated with PD risk, 2) investigate whether healthy dietary patterns, for example mediterranean and anti-inflammatory patterns, and antibiotics are associated with PD risk, 3) using network Mendelian randomization, test whether the gut microbiota composition is associated with PD risk or age at onset.

Over four years, we will use cutting-edge conventional, genetic, and molecular epidemiological designs that aid causal inference, including Mendelian randomization and within-family studies.

Resources will combine samples from the entire Swedish population (using the patient register), the unique database ESPRESSO with histopathological reports from gastrointestinal biopsies, the SIMPLER cohort with large numbers of DNA and fecal samples, as well as very large PD case control datasets with genetic information that were assembled in international genetic consortia.This research shifts the focus from identifying risk and protection factors associated with PD to establishing those likely to cause the disease, a step that will further understanding of disease etiology and pathogenesis.

This will potentially lead to novel therapies, preventive strategies, and more individualized treatment of PD patients.