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99,167 grants found
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Leukemia stem cell regulation and resistance
PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) results from hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transformation by the BCR- ABL tyrosine kinase. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (T...
Alzheimer's Disease Pathology in a Primate Model
Project Summary Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a major health concern defined by pathologic changes in the brain that coincide with altered behavior and cognitive function. Anima...
A Longitudinal Mixed-Methods Investigation of Masculinity, Stigma, and Disclosure on Men's ART Initiation in South Africa
Project Summary South Africa is home to over 7.9 million people living with HIV, the largest of any country globally. One significant barrier to ending the HIV epidemic is engaging...
Empowering the Management of Pain-Obesity-Weight through Enhanced Reward
PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Chronic low back pain (cLBP) is the leading cause of disability worldwide and is one of the top reasons for seeking healthcare. High-impact low back pain i...
Gut barrier function in Alzheimer’s disease
The age-related processes that contribute to Alzheimer's disease (AD) development, particularly in the prodromal period, are incompletely understood. Age-related reduction in...
Dissecting the role of sialic acid and sialidase in the pathophysiology of Porphyromonas gingivalis
The overarching goal of this application is to investigate the role of sialidase and sialic acid in the keystone pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) and their contributions to t...
Gardnerella vaginalis small colony variants
PROJECT SUMMARY Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most common gynecological disorder in women of childbearing age and is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes and enhanced trans...
Evaluating Advanced Diffusion of the Human Spinal Cord: Application to MS
Project Summary We propose to optimize and validate two novel diffusion MRI models/methods that have direct clinical relevance for cervical spinal cord evaluation in health and mul...
A Novel Neural Mechanism that Mediates the Therapeutic Effects of Metformin
Metformin is the most prescribed first-line anti-diabetic drug. It has been widely accepted that metformin lowers blood glucose primarily by reducing glucose output in the liver, a...
Cellular and molecular analysis of startle modulation
Abstract A remarkable feature of the nervous system is its ability to adjust stereotyped behavioral responses in a context dependent manner. In vertebrates, sudden and intense acou...
Small RNA Regulation in Bacteria
PROJECT SUMMARY Bacteria must sense and respond to rapidly changing and often stressful environments. Their ability to enact rapid changes in gene expression that alter cell struct...
Neural circuit basis for neurovascular coupling
Abstract Neurovascular coupling (NVC) is the temporal relationship between neural activity and cerebral blood flow (CBF). This neural-evoked hemodynamic response is fundamental to...
Metal Exposure and Subclinical Lung Disease in Adult E-cigarette Users
E-cigarette (e-cig) use is common, particularly among adolescents and young adults, and has been associated with E-cigarette and Vaping Associated Lung Injury (EVALI). To address m...
An integrated human stem cell model for elucidating myocardial-endocardial interactions in cardiac development and disease
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is a severe type of congenital heart defects, which is characterized by the underdevelopment of left side of the heart. The clinical presenta...
Defining the functional organization of cerebellar output circuits that control feeding behavior
Project Summary In addition to motor and classical conditioning functions, the cerebellum contributes to motivation and reward processes that underlie complex behaviors. To influen...
Dissecting the molecular mechanisms of lung injury during mechanical ventilation
Project Summary The acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a deadly condition characterized by the rapid onset of hypoxemia and respiratory failure. The mainstay of therapy...
Role of Negative Elongation Factor Complex in RNA polymerase II pausing and gene transcription in Heart
PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Congestive heart failure is one of the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the USA and the World. However, despite the major advancements in resear...
The role of collisions in rescuing stalled ribosomes in bacteria
PROJECT SUMMARY Translating ribosomes often encounter obstacles that stop them in their tracks: the synthesis of roughly 1 out of every 250 proteins in E. coli ends in failure. Rib...
Opto-Electrical Cochlear Implants
Project Summary / Abstract Our goal is to develop an optical cochlear implant (oCI) that uses photons to stimulate surviving auditory neurons in severely-to-profoundly deaf. The be...
Modulation of asparagine bioavailability and stress response signaling to enhance T cell robustness and maximize immunotherapy
Summary: The exquisite specificity, amplitude, and quality of T cells govern tumor initiation, progression, and responses to therapy.Two of the most revolutionary and promising imm...