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201,169 grants found
Showing 196,661 – 196,680 of 201,169 grants
The role of TNFR2 in ameliorating progressive encephalomyelitis
The mechanisms driving progressive multiple sclerosis (MS) remain enigmatic. Progression of MS correlates with the expression of the cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in cerebro...
Choline Polymorphisms in FASD
ABSTRACT This exploratory/developmental UH2 pilot application to CIFASD addresses the need for improved intervention in Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD), a leading cause of l...
Central Regulation of Sodium Appetite via Synergistic Action of RAAS-sensitive Neurons
PROJECT SUMMARY The motivation to consume sodium, often referred to as "sodium (or salt) appetite", is a hard-wired neural response to sodium deficiency regulated by the...
Characterizing variation and adaptation in the immune response to plague (Y. pestis) through single-cell sequencing and ancient genomics
PROJECT SUMMARY Pathogens have been one of the strongest selective pressures in human evolution. Migrating out of Africa, modern humans encountered novel pathogens along with new e...
Identifying low dose measurement error corrected effects of multiple pollutants using causal modeling
The Global Burden of Disease estimates that ambient air pollution is responsible for over 4 million deaths per year, yet regulators in the US, EU, India, and China have been reluct...
Relationship between Glaucoma and the Three-Dimensional Optic Nerve Head Related Structure
Project Summary Glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness globally, and is characterized by optic nerve damage that leads to the death of retinal ganglion cells with accomp...
Contra-Thermodynamic Catalysis and Fluorine Sculpting; Two Counter Cultural Approaches to Synthesis
Project Summary/Abstract The objectives of this proposal are two-fold and include the development and conceptual advancement of contra-thermodynamic catalysis and fluorine sculptin...
Deciphering the molecular mechanisms of TNT formation and function using a multi-omic approach
Our research is focused on the role of tunneling nanotubes (TNTs)—a novel mechanism of functional connectivity between cells—in the spreading of viruses, misfolded protein aggregat...
Targeting immune suppressive microenvironment in ATC
PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Patients with anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) have a median survival of 6 months. Chemotherapy in combination with surgery and radiation may modestly exten...
Integrated Host/Microbe Metagenomics to Improve Lower Respiratory Tract Infection Diagnosis in Critically Ill Children
SUMMARY Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) lead to more deaths each year in children than any other infectious disease category. Despite this, the underlying microbial patho...
Ethnoracial Impact on Blood-Based Biomarker Detection of Alzheimer's in Primary Care Patients
Project Summary/Abstract If no preventative measures are developed, the number of individuals suffering from Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is expected to triple by 2050; many of whom wi...
Surgical Multispecialty Access to Research in Residency Training (SMART)
SUMMARY Surgeon-scientists are an underrepresented population in academic medicine, and federally funded surgeon- scientist-led research has been in decline over the past decade. S...
Promoting Multidisciplinary Clinical and Translational Science in Aging by Resident Investigators
PROJECT SUMMARY The goal of this Stimulating Access to Research in Residency (StARR) program is to recruit, train, and mentor a select group of exceptional postgraduate resident in...
Overcoming the blood-brain barrier with nanoparticle vaccines against gliomas
Project Summary While activated T cells cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB), immunotherapy has yet to be harnessed for targeted therapy due to GBM’s heterogeneity and immunosuppres...
Effect of PDE5 Inhibition on Adipose Metabolism in Humans
ABSTRACT Obesity is characterized by an excess of white adipose tissue (WAT), which has low metabolic activity. Recent studies demonstrate that cells in WAT can be driven toward a...
Causal machine learning methods for studying the effects of environmental exposures on childhood cancer using natural experiments
Project Summary: My goal is to build an independent research program in the development of causal inference methods for investigating environmental causes of childhood cancer. This...
Mobile Ecological Momentary Diet Assessment: A Low Burden, Ecologically-Valid Approach to Measuring Dietary Intake in Near-Real Time
ABSTRACT The excessive intake of saturated fat and added sugars has been identified as a leading cause of premature mortality among adults in the U.S. contributing to approximately...
TGF-Beta Regulates CFTR-Mediated Airway Smooth Muscle Dysfunction
PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a lethal genetic disorder characterized by progressive lung disease and airway obstruction. CF is caused by mutations in the CF tra...
Gene Expression Regulatory Pathways and Retinal Ganglion Cell Neuroprotection
Loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in glaucoma and traumatic and other optic neuropathies results in permanent partial or complete blindness. Molecular mechanisms that may oppos...
Tryptophan derivatives in EHEC pathogenesis
PROJECT SUMMARY The colon contains tryptophan derivatives such as indole, which is a microbiota-derived signaling molecule, and the host-derived serotonin neurotransmitter that is...