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201,169 grants found
Showing 196,761 – 196,780 of 201,169 grants
Neurodevelopmental Emergence of Callous-Unemotional Behavior Beginning in Infancy: Neural Markers and Environmental Risk and Protective Factors
PROJECT SUMMARY Callous-unemotional behavior (CU behavior), characterized by atypically low empathy, prosociality and guilt, represents a serious impairment in moral development as...
Defining the molecular drivers and modulators of MATR3 proteinopathy implicated in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia
Project Summary Matrin-3 (MATR3) is a ubiquitous RNA-binding protein which is predicted to be largely disordered. Mutations in MATR3 have been linked to amyotrophic lateral scleros...
Structure, Mechanism and Interactions of Type IA Topoisomerases
Project Summary/Abstract Type IA topoisomerases are ubiquitous in the three kingdoms of life, and play critically important roles in maintaining proper DNA topology during the vita...
Bromodomain-containing Protein 4 in Profibrotic Gene Expression and Lung Fibrosis
PROJECT SUMMARY Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fatal lung disorder of unknown etiology. IPF is characterized by altered epigenetic state. Epigenetic alterations are poten...
Re-engagement at Discharge (Re-Charge): Improving post-hospital outcomes for HIV-infected adults in Zambia
PROJECT SUMMARY In sub-Saharan African countries, HIV-infected patients suffer high rates of loss-to-follow-up and mortality following hospital admission. Among HIV-infected patien...
Spatial and nonspatial knowledge
Project Summary The ability to navigate from one place to another is essential for a flourishing and autonomous human life. Cognitive scientists have long believed that navigation...
Role of the gut microbiome in the bone loss induced by hyperparathyroidism in mice and humans
SUMMARY Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is a condition caused by the excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH) that can lead to aggressive bone loss, osteoporosis and inc...
Commensal control of C. difficile virulence
Abstract: Clostridioides difficile, the etiology of pseudomembranous colitis, causes substantive morbidity, mortality and close to $5 billion/year in US healthcare costs. Commensal...
Replication stress response defects predict and enhance immune checkpoint therapy response in triple negative breast cancer
Project Summary The lack of specific targets for the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a major challenge, as many TNBCs do not respond to cytotoxic chemotherapie...
Artificial intelligence Optical Coherence Tomography Guided Deep Anterior Lamellar Keratoplasty (AUTO-DALK)
PROJECT SUMMARY Contemporary ocular surgeries are performed by skilled surgeons through operating microscopes, utilizing freehand techniques and manually operated precision micro-i...
The Discovery of Novel Metabolic Pathways for the Biosynthesis and Degradation of Complex Carbohydrates within the Human Gut Microbiome
The primary focus of this research proposal is the discovery and elucidation of novel biochemical pathways for the biosynthesis and metabolism of complex and simple carbohydrates i...
Embryonic vascular stem-progenitors for treatment of ischemic retinopathies
Branch vein occlusion (BVO) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) are major causes of new onset blindness in the US. These vascular disorders result in acellular capillaries secondary to i...
Fluorescent nucleosides, nucleotides and oligonucleotides
PROJECT SUMMARY Nucleic acids and their building blocks play central roles in all cellular events and, as such, have immense impact on the emergence of diseases and, in turn, on hu...
Effect of PDE5 Inhibition on Adipose Metabolism in Humans
ABSTRACT Obesity is characterized by an excess of white adipose tissue (WAT), which has low metabolic activity. Recent studies demonstrate that cells in WAT can be driven toward a...
Multiscale Modeling of Right Ventricular Fibrotic Remodeling in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
PROJECT SUMMARY Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a disease of the pulmonary arterial vasculature and its remodeling, in which patient mortality is significantly associated...
The fibrogenic role of Hippo-Yap signaling following ischemic injury
PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT End stage heart failure is a common outcome of cardiac injury such as myocardial infarction (MI). Following ischemic injury, prolonged myofibroblast activa...
Advancing Psychosocial & Biobehavioral Approaches to Improve Emotional Well-Being
Advancing Psychosocial & Biobehavioral Approaches to Improving Emotional Well-Being PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Given rising levels of global stress, exacerbated by the pandemic,...
Training in Implementation Science Research and Methods
Abstract Implementation science is the domain of scholarship that studies methods to facilitate the spread and adoption of evidence-based practices into real-world settings. The fi...
Cognitive training to reduce incidence of cognitive impairment in older adults
PROJECT SUMMARY Dementia is the most expensive medical condition in the US. There is an urgent need to intervene to curb the increasing prevalence of dementia in our population. St...
Targeting immunosuppressive adenosine in patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer
SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have transformed the management of patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Unfortunately, over 50% of pati...