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201,169 grants found
Showing 198,741 – 198,760 of 201,169 grants
Influence of Opioids on the Brainstem Respiratory Network
PROJECT SUMMARY Many of the 54,000 opioid-related deaths in 2017 were due to respiratory depression. The specific mechanisms by which opioids depress breathing are not fully unders...
Targeting pathologic spike-ripples to isolate and disrupt epileptic dynamics
Project Summary Epilepsy is the world?s most common, serious brain disorder, affecting nearly 50 million people worldwide. For one-third of patients, seizures remain poorly control...
Developing computational algorithms for histopathological image analysis
Project Summary Histopathology is the cornerstone of disease diagnosis and prognosis.With the advance of imaging technology, whole-slide image (WSI) scanning of tissue slides is be...
Experimental and modeling investigations into microcircuit, cellular and subcellular determinants of hippocampal ensemble recruitment to contextual representations
Although neuroscience has recently provided a great deal of information about how neurons represent and encode behaviorally relevant information at the population level, the fundam...
Mechanisms and evolutionary consequences of transposon strategies to counteract host silencing
PROJECT SUMMARY Harboring active transposable elements (TEs) imposes a substantial mutational burden on the host genome.To reduce this burden, most organisms have evolved sophistic...
GATA Factor Mechanisms in Erythroid Regeneration
ABSTRACT Erythropoiesis, the production of red blood cells (RBCs), is fine-tuned to meet physiological demands.During regeneration or ?stress erythropoiesis? caused by anemia, a su...
Molecular Mechanisms of HFpEF-associated Atrial Fibrillation
PROJECT SUMMARY It is said that heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is the single greatest unmet need in cardiovascular medicine.Patients with HFpEF are uniquely...
Dihydroxyacetone exposure induces metabolic reprogramming and mitochondrial dysfunction
Each puff of an e-cigarette generates micromolar amounts dihydroxyacetone (DHA) from the combustion of propylene glycol and glycerol.Up to 40-55% of e-liquid content is converted t...
Repurposing Sulfasalazine in a Two-Arm Phase Two Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial for the Adjunct Management of Breast Cancer-Induced Bone Pain
Abstract Cancer-induced bone pain (CIBP) is a significant health problem in the USA and the rest of the world.With the improvement of treatment options to manage cancer, a greater...
Developmental Regulation of Gene Expression by Long Undecoded Transcript Isoforms
PROJECT SUMMARY Dynamic gene expression programs drive essential biological processes including cellular differentiation and stress response pathways.During these processes, cells...
CCL2 and CCR2 as metastatic drivers and therapeutic targets in medulloblastoma
PROJECT SUMMARY Brain tumors are the most common solid tumor and the leading cause of cancer-related death in children. Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common malignant pediatric...
Mechanistic analysis and allellic genome editing of iPSC-derived dominant LCA model
PROJECT SUMMARY Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA) is a group of devastating early-onset retinal dystrophies affecting roughly 1/50,000 to 1/33,000 newborns.LCA-associated variants i...
Extracellular Vesicle Analyses to Develop Aging and Resilience Biomarkers
Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membranous particles released from nearly all cell types into all bodily fluids evaluated to date ? including serum and plasma.Depending o...
Protein Kinase Novel 2 (PKN2) in heart
PROJECT SUMMARY The Protein Kinase Novel (PKNs) family of kinases, also known as Protein Kinase C-related kinases, belong to the PKC superfamily.A single nucleotide polymorphism at...
Combining modeling and experiments to study the evolution of cells with altered ploidy
Project Summary Aneuploidy is a ubiquitous feature of cancer cells, and accumulation of aneuploidy is believed to often happen via tetraploidization (genome doubling) as an interme...
Direct chemical control of the hematopoietic master transcription factor PU.1
PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT: Direct control of the hematopoietic master transcription factor PU.1 Hematopoiesis, the process by which all lineages of blood cells are derived, is under...
MICROBIOTA-DEPENDENT CONTROL OF CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE: THE ROLE OF ACETATE AND IL-22 BINDING PROTEIN
PROJECT SUMMARY The overall goal of this application is to establish avenues through which we can harness the intestinal microbiota to enhance mucosal immune responses against Clos...
Stromal senescence in lethal prostate cancer: a novel target for prognosis and therapy
Our overarching hypothesis is that senescent stromal fibroblasts, especially if they elicit an inflammatory response, promote progression to lethal disease in men with prostate can...
The role of NBEAL2 in the cornea
We discovered disease-associated variants in the gene neurobeachin-like 2 (NBEAL2) in two families with keratoconus (KC), a degenerative, thinning disease of the cornea. NBEAL2 enc...
Tractable Tandem Ion Mobility Technology using Structures for Lossless Ion Manipulations and Photodissociation
Project Summary In addition to concentration, the orientation and conformation of proteins, carbohydrates, metabolites, and nucleic acids are essential characteristics differentiat...