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201,169 grants found
Showing 198,981 – 199,000 of 201,169 grants
Sensing Dietary Amino Acids from Gut to Brain
ABSTRACT Proper weight management mandates consistent consumption of nutritionally balanced diets. Consumption of diets insufficient in amino acids leads to weight loss, muscular a...
Mechanism of chromatin accessibility, 3D chromosome organization, and their functions in gene regulation
Project Abstract The overall theme of my research program is to understand the formation mechanism of chromatin structure and its role in gene regulation. We plan to address this p...
Mitigating sexual stigma within healthcare interactions to improve engagement of MSM in HIV prevention
Long-term objective. My long-term objective is to explore, identify and evaluate acceptable, feasible and appropriate techniques and mechanisms to mitigate HIV-related stigma in he...
Mechanisms of RNA polymerase II transcription regulation
SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Our research program combines detailed biochemical reconstitution experiments with powerful cell-based assays, with a goal of gaining fundamental mechanistic insig...
Impact of the microbiome on chemotherapeutic outcomes
PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents are a key component of cancer therapy, but they have unpredictable treatment responses and considerable treatment-related...
Temporal and Metabolic Regulation of Restimulation-Induced Cell Death (RICD) in Human T Cells
PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT PI: Snow, Andrew L. The healthy immune system depends upon a balance of proliferation and death of white blood cells, including B and T lymphocytes, to con...
Managing Cardiac Toxicities of Cancer Therapy
Project Summary This R35 application proposes to capitalize on previous work produced by the PI over the past 11-years and to further serve as a strong foundation for interrogating...
Lung IDO-1+ TNFR2+ cDC2 subset in control of lung mucosal tolerance: Mechanism and Application
Abstract The lung is a natural tolerogenic organ. Lung mucosal tolerance must be exquisitely controlled by the lung immune system to avoid the development of chronic inflammatory l...
Dynamics, Regulation and Function of p53 in Single Cells
The dynamics of signaling systems are critical for controlling gene expression programs and cellular outcomes. The tumor suppressor protein p53 is a transcription factor orchestrat...
Role of ILC2 and eosinophils in abdominal aortic aneurysm
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) affects 0.5~3.2% of the general populations in US and worldwide. Besides adjusting lifestyle, open surgery and endovascular stent grafting remain th...
Molecular mechanistic studies of long “noncoding” RNAs in mammalian cell differentiation
PROJECT SUMMARY The goal of this study is to determine the molecular mechanisms by which long “noncoding” RNAs regulate mammalian cells differentiation. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA...
Using Genetic Diversity to Manage Neurological Disease
Project Summary/Abstract Understanding and treating genome abnormalities that lead to rare genetic neurodegenerative diseases such as Niemann-Pick C1 globally managing cholesterol...
Motion Processing by Interactions of Receptive Field Center and Surround in Primate Retinal Ganglion Cells
PROJECT SUMMARY The overall goal of this proposal is to understand the role of interactions between the receptive field center and surround in encoding motion signals in sparsely e...
Engineering Brain Cancer in a Dish: Hydrogel-based 3D in vitro Models for Pediatric Brain Tumor
Diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPG) are a highly aggressive pediatric brain tumor of the ventral pons (brain stem), with a five-year survival rate of less than 1% and a median...
Chemotherapy-induced vascular cognitive impairment: role of endothelial senescence
Project Summary Many long-term survivors of cancer experience progressive chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment (CICI, commonly referred to as "chemobrain"). Importan...
Unraveling strain-level variation in the induction of anti-inflammatory responses in the intestine
PROJECT SUMMARY: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an increasingly prevalent disease that currently affects ~1.3% of adults in the US. IBD is characterized by chronic inflammator...
Synaptic mechanisms of auditory thalamic cross-modal communication
ABSTRACT Healthy subjects rapidly shift their attention in response to a dynamic sensory environment and changing cognitive demands. Failure to quickly shift perceptual resources b...
Receptor-mediated glucose sensing and skeletal muscle function
PROJECT SUMMARY Skeletal muscle is central to the development of metabolic dysfunction during type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity. In addition, these conditions are often accompanied...
Mechanism and dynamics of islet GABA signaling
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a potent neurotransmitter produced in the islet at levels as high as in the brain.While the function of GABA in the nervous system is well-underst...
Molecular Mechanisms of Arrestin-Domain Containing Proteins in Metabolism
The arrestin superfamily is composed of two subfamilies: the classical visual/beta-arrestins that were first identified as regulators of G-protein coupled receptor signaling, and t...